Reporting verbs and message
Reporting verbs and message
|
Acknowledge
|
Ask
|
Confirm
|
Determine
|
Express
|
Infer
|
Reject
|
|
Add
|
Assert
|
Contend
|
Discuss
|
Formulate
|
List
|
Reveal
|
|
Admit
|
Assume
|
Convey
|
Doubt
|
Identify
|
Maintain
|
Show
|
|
Advise
|
Caution
|
Declare
|
Endorse
|
Illustrate
|
Postulate
|
State
|
|
Advocate
|
Concede
|
Define
|
Establish
|
Imply
|
Propose
|
Stress
|
|
Agree
|
Concentrate
|
Deny
|
Examine
|
Include
|
Presume
|
Suggest
|
|
Argue
|
Condone
|
Describe
|
Explore
|
Indicate
|
Refute
|
Survey
|
|
Examples
of reporting verbs |
The
message |
|
Say,
write, document, report, study |
Giving
factual information |
|
View,
believe, think, regard, consider, reflect |
What
the author thought |
|
Categorise,
assess, examine, use, compare, contrast, focus on, explain Emphasise,
invoke, note, point out, reason, posit, hypothesise, remark, detail |
The
procedure/ How the author did it |
|
Find,
observe, obtain, associate, conclude, recommend |
What
the author found |
|
Challenge,
dismiss, dispute, diverge from, object to, oppose, |
Considers
the cited author’s position |
|
Demonstrate,
identify, improve, recognize, substantiate, highlight, confirm, prove |
Your
evaluation of the work |
|
confuse,
disregard, ignore, misuse, neglect, misinterpret, generalize, insist |
Your
negative evaluation of the work |
Adapted from
Chen (2001, p. 81) ‘Ways of knowing, ways of citing: a study of Chinese
graduate students’ citation behaviour in thesis writing’
Chen (2001, p. 81) ‘Ways of knowing, ways of citing: a study of Chinese
graduate students’ citation behaviour in thesis writing’
Reporting verbs and message
Reporting verbs and message
|
Acknowledge
|
Ask
|
Confirm
|
Determine
|
Express
|
Infer
|
Reject
|
|
Add
|
Assert
|
Contend
|
Discuss
|
Formulate
|
List
|
Reveal
|
|
Admit
|
Assume
|
Convey
|
Doubt
|
Identify
|
Maintain
|
Show
|
|
Advise
|
Caution
|
Declare
|
Endorse
|
Illustrate
|
Postulate
|
State
|
|
Advocate
|
Concede
|
Define
|
Establish
|
Imply
|
Propose
|
Stress
|
|
Agree
|
Concentrate
|
Deny
|
Examine
|
Include
|
Presume
|
Suggest
|
|
Argue
|
Condone
|
Describe
|
Explore
|
Indicate
|
Refute
|
Survey
|
|
Examples
of reporting verbs |
The
message |
|
Say,
write, document, report, study |
Giving
factual information |
|
View,
believe, think, regard, consider, reflect |
What
the author thought |
|
Categorise,
assess, examine, use, compare, contrast, focus on, explain Emphasise,
invoke, note, point out, reason, posit, hypothesise, remark, detail |
The
procedure/ How the author did it |
|
Find,
observe, obtain, associate, conclude, recommend |
What
the author found |
|
Challenge,
dismiss, dispute, diverge from, object to, oppose, |
Considers
the cited author’s position |
|
Demonstrate,
identify, improve, recognize, substantiate, highlight, confirm, prove |
Your
evaluation of the work |
|
confuse,
disregard, ignore, misuse, neglect, misinterpret, generalize, insist |
Your
negative evaluation of the work |
Adapted from
Chen (2001, p. 81) ‘Ways of knowing, ways of citing: a study of Chinese
graduate students’ citation behaviour in thesis writing’
Chen (2001, p. 81) ‘Ways of knowing, ways of citing: a study of Chinese
graduate students’ citation behaviour in thesis writing’
Reporting verbs and message
Reporting verbs and message
|
Acknowledge
|
Ask
|
Confirm
|
Determine
|
Express
|
Infer
|
Reject
|
|
Add
|
Assert
|
Contend
|
Discuss
|
Formulate
|
List
|
Reveal
|
|
Admit
|
Assume
|
Convey
|
Doubt
|
Identify
|
Maintain
|
Show
|
|
Advise
|
Caution
|
Declare
|
Endorse
|
Illustrate
|
Postulate
|
State
|
|
Advocate
|
Concede
|
Define
|
Establish
|
Imply
|
Propose
|
Stress
|
|
Agree
|
Concentrate
|
Deny
|
Examine
|
Include
|
Presume
|
Suggest
|
|
Argue
|
Condone
|
Describe
|
Explore
|
Indicate
|
Refute
|
Survey
|
|
Examples
of reporting verbs |
The
message |
|
Say,
write, document, report, study |
Giving
factual information |
|
View,
believe, think, regard, consider, reflect |
What
the author thought |
|
Categorise,
assess, examine, use, compare, contrast, focus on, explain Emphasise,
invoke, note, point out, reason, posit, hypothesise, remark, detail |
The
procedure/ How the author did it |
|
Find,
observe, obtain, associate, conclude, recommend |
What
the author found |
|
Challenge,
dismiss, dispute, diverge from, object to, oppose, |
Considers
the cited author’s position |
|
Demonstrate,
identify, improve, recognize, substantiate, highlight, confirm, prove |
Your
evaluation of the work |
|
confuse,
disregard, ignore, misuse, neglect, misinterpret, generalize, insist |
Your
negative evaluation of the work |
Adapted from
Chen (2001, p. 81) ‘Ways of knowing, ways of citing: a study of Chinese
graduate students’ citation behaviour in thesis writing’
Chen (2001, p. 81) ‘Ways of knowing, ways of citing: a study of Chinese
graduate students’ citation behaviour in thesis writing’
Reporting verbs and message
Reporting verbs and message
|
Acknowledge
|
Ask
|
Confirm
|
Determine
|
Express
|
Infer
|
Reject
|
|
Add
|
Assert
|
Contend
|
Discuss
|
Formulate
|
List
|
Reveal
|
|
Admit
|
Assume
|
Convey
|
Doubt
|
Identify
|
Maintain
|
Show
|
|
Advise
|
Caution
|
Declare
|
Endorse
|
Illustrate
|
Postulate
|
State
|
|
Advocate
|
Concede
|
Define
|
Establish
|
Imply
|
Propose
|
Stress
|
|
Agree
|
Concentrate
|
Deny
|
Examine
|
Include
|
Presume
|
Suggest
|
|
Argue
|
Condone
|
Describe
|
Explore
|
Indicate
|
Refute
|
Survey
|
|
Examples
of reporting verbs |
The
message |
|
Say,
write, document, report, study |
Giving
factual information |
|
View,
believe, think, regard, consider, reflect |
What
the author thought |
|
Categorise,
assess, examine, use, compare, contrast, focus on, explain Emphasise,
invoke, note, point out, reason, posit, hypothesise, remark, detail |
The
procedure/ How the author did it |
|
Find,
observe, obtain, associate, conclude, recommend |
What
the author found |
|
Challenge,
dismiss, dispute, diverge from, object to, oppose, |
Considers
the cited author’s position |
|
Demonstrate,
identify, improve, recognize, substantiate, highlight, confirm, prove |
Your
evaluation of the work |
|
confuse,
disregard, ignore, misuse, neglect, misinterpret, generalize, insist |
Your
negative evaluation of the work |
Adapted from
Chen (2001, p. 81) ‘Ways of knowing, ways of citing: a study of Chinese
graduate students’ citation behaviour in thesis writing’
Chen (2001, p. 81) ‘Ways of knowing, ways of citing: a study of Chinese
graduate students’ citation behaviour in thesis writing’
Reporting verbs and message
Reporting verbs and message
|
Acknowledge
|
Ask
|
Confirm
|
Determine
|
Express
|
Infer
|
Reject
|
|
Add
|
Assert
|
Contend
|
Discuss
|
Formulate
|
List
|
Reveal
|
|
Admit
|
Assume
|
Convey
|
Doubt
|
Identify
|
Maintain
|
Show
|
|
Advise
|
Caution
|
Declare
|
Endorse
|
Illustrate
|
Postulate
|
State
|
|
Advocate
|
Concede
|
Define
|
Establish
|
Imply
|
Propose
|
Stress
|
|
Agree
|
Concentrate
|
Deny
|
Examine
|
Include
|
Presume
|
Suggest
|
|
Argue
|
Condone
|
Describe
|
Explore
|
Indicate
|
Refute
|
Survey
|
|
Examples of reporting verbs
|
The message
|
|
Say, write, document, report, study
|
Giving factual information
|
|
View, believe, think, regard, consider, reflect
|
What the author thought
|
|
Categorise, assess, examine, use, compare, contrast, focus on, explain
Emphasise, invoke, note, point out, reason, posit, hypothesise, remark, detail
|
The procedure/ How the author did it
|
|
Find, observe, obtain, associate, conclude, recommend
|
What the author found
|
|
Challenge, dismiss, dispute, diverge from, object to, oppose,
|
Considers the cited author’s position
|
|
Demonstrate, identify, improve, recognize, substantiate, highlight, confirm, prove
|
Your evaluation of the work
|
|
confuse, disregard, ignore, misuse, neglect, misinterpret, generalize, insist
|
Your negative evaluation of the work
|
Adapted from Chen (2001, p. 81) ‘Ways of knowing, ways of citing: a study of Chinese graduate students’ citation behaviour in thesis writing’
Reporting verbs and message
Reporting verbs and message
|
Acknowledge
|
Ask
|
Confirm
|
Determine
|
Express
|
Infer
|
Reject
|
|
Add
|
Assert
|
Contend
|
Discuss
|
Formulate
|
List
|
Reveal
|
|
Admit
|
Assume
|
Convey
|
Doubt
|
Identify
|
Maintain
|
Show
|
|
Advise
|
Caution
|
Declare
|
Endorse
|
Illustrate
|
Postulate
|
State
|
|
Advocate
|
Concede
|
Define
|
Establish
|
Imply
|
Propose
|
Stress
|
|
Agree
|
Concentrate
|
Deny
|
Examine
|
Include
|
Presume
|
Suggest
|
|
Argue
|
Condone
|
Describe
|
Explore
|
Indicate
|
Refute
|
Survey
|
|
Examples of reporting verbs
|
The message
|
|
Say, write, document, report, study
|
Giving factual information
|
|
View, believe, think, regard, consider, reflect
|
What the author thought
|
|
Categorise, assess, examine, use, compare, contrast, focus on, explain
Emphasise, invoke, note, point out, reason, posit, hypothesise, remark, detail
|
The procedure/ How the author did it
|
|
Find, observe, obtain, associate, conclude, recommend
|
What the author found
|
|
Challenge, dismiss, dispute, diverge from, object to, oppose,
|
Considers the cited author’s position
|
|
Demonstrate, identify, improve, recognize, substantiate, highlight, confirm, prove
|
Your evaluation of the work
|
|
confuse, disregard, ignore, misuse, neglect, misinterpret, generalize, insist
|
Your negative evaluation of the work
|
Adapted from Chen (2001, p. 81) ‘Ways of knowing, ways of citing: a study of Chinese graduate students’ citation behaviour in thesis writing’
Reporting verbs and message
Reporting verbs and message
|
Acknowledge
|
Ask
|
Confirm
|
Determine
|
Express
|
Infer
|
Reject
|
|
Add
|
Assert
|
Contend
|
Discuss
|
Formulate
|
List
|
Reveal
|
|
Admit
|
Assume
|
Convey
|
Doubt
|
Identify
|
Maintain
|
Show
|
|
Advise
|
Caution
|
Declare
|
Endorse
|
Illustrate
|
Postulate
|
State
|
|
Advocate
|
Concede
|
Define
|
Establish
|
Imply
|
Propose
|
Stress
|
|
Agree
|
Concentrate
|
Deny
|
Examine
|
Include
|
Presume
|
Suggest
|
|
Argue
|
Condone
|
Describe
|
Explore
|
Indicate
|
Refute
|
Survey
|
|
Examples of reporting verbs
|
The message
|
|
Say, write, document, report, study
|
Giving factual information
|
|
View, believe, think, regard, consider, reflect
|
What the author thought
|
|
Categorise, assess, examine, use, compare, contrast, focus on, explain
Emphasise, invoke, note, point out, reason, posit, hypothesise, remark, detail
|
The procedure/ How the author did it
|
|
Find, observe, obtain, associate, conclude, recommend
|
What the author found
|
|
Challenge, dismiss, dispute, diverge from, object to, oppose,
|
Considers the cited author’s position
|
|
Demonstrate, identify, improve, recognize, substantiate, highlight, confirm, prove
|
Your evaluation of the work
|
|
confuse, disregard, ignore, misuse, neglect, misinterpret, generalize, insist
|
Your negative evaluation of the work
|
Adapted from Chen (2001, p. 81) ‘Ways of knowing, ways of citing: a study of Chinese graduate students’ citation behaviour in thesis writing’
Reporting verbs and message
Reporting verbs and message
|
Acknowledge
|
Ask
|
Confirm
|
Determine
|
Express
|
Infer
|
Reject
|
|
Add
|
Assert
|
Contend
|
Discuss
|
Formulate
|
List
|
Reveal
|
|
Admit
|
Assume
|
Convey
|
Doubt
|
Identify
|
Maintain
|
Show
|
|
Advise
|
Caution
|
Declare
|
Endorse
|
Illustrate
|
Postulate
|
State
|
|
Advocate
|
Concede
|
Define
|
Establish
|
Imply
|
Propose
|
Stress
|
|
Agree
|
Concentrate
|
Deny
|
Examine
|
Include
|
Presume
|
Suggest
|
|
Argue
|
Condone
|
Describe
|
Explore
|
Indicate
|
Refute
|
Survey
|
|
Examples of reporting verbs
|
The message
|
|
Say, write, document, report, study
|
Giving factual information
|
|
View, believe, think, regard, consider, reflect
|
What the author thought
|
|
Categorise, assess, examine, use, compare, contrast, focus on, explain
Emphasise, invoke, note, point out, reason, posit, hypothesise, remark, detail
|
The procedure/ How the author did it
|
|
Find, observe, obtain, associate, conclude, recommend
|
What the author found
|
|
Challenge, dismiss, dispute, diverge from, object to, oppose,
|
Considers the cited author’s position
|
|
Demonstrate, identify, improve, recognize, substantiate, highlight, confirm, prove
|
Your evaluation of the work
|
|
confuse, disregard, ignore, misuse, neglect, misinterpret, generalize, insist
|
Your negative evaluation of the work
|
Adapted from Chen (2001, p. 81) ‘Ways of knowing, ways of citing: a study of Chinese graduate students’ citation behaviour in thesis writing’
Reporting verbs and message
Reporting verbs and message
|
Acknowledge
|
Ask
|
Confirm
|
Determine
|
Express
|
Infer
|
Reject
|
|
Add
|
Assert
|
Contend
|
Discuss
|
Formulate
|
List
|
Reveal
|
|
Admit
|
Assume
|
Convey
|
Doubt
|
Identify
|
Maintain
|
Show
|
|
Advise
|
Caution
|
Declare
|
Endorse
|
Illustrate
|
Postulate
|
State
|
|
Advocate
|
Concede
|
Define
|
Establish
|
Imply
|
Propose
|
Stress
|
|
Agree
|
Concentrate
|
Deny
|
Examine
|
Include
|
Presume
|
Suggest
|
|
Argue
|
Condone
|
Describe
|
Explore
|
Indicate
|
Refute
|
Survey
|
|
Examples of reporting verbs
|
The message
|
|
Say, write, document, report, study
|
Giving factual information
|
|
View, believe, think, regard, consider, reflect
|
What the author thought
|
|
Categorise, assess, examine, use, compare, contrast, focus on, explain
Emphasise, invoke, note, point out, reason, posit, hypothesise, remark, detail
|
The procedure/ How the author did it
|
|
Find, observe, obtain, associate, conclude, recommend
|
What the author found
|
|
Challenge, dismiss, dispute, diverge from, object to, oppose,
|
Considers the cited author’s position
|
|
Demonstrate, identify, improve, recognize, substantiate, highlight, confirm, prove
|
Your evaluation of the work
|
|
confuse, disregard, ignore, misuse, neglect, misinterpret, generalize, insist
|
Your negative evaluation of the work
|
Adapted from Chen (2001, p. 81) ‘Ways of knowing, ways of citing: a study of Chinese graduate students’ citation behaviour in thesis writing’
Reporting verbs and message
Reporting verbs and message
|
Acknowledge
|
Ask
|
Confirm
|
Determine
|
Express
|
Infer
|
Reject
|
|
Add
|
Assert
|
Contend
|
Discuss
|
Formulate
|
List
|
Reveal
|
|
Admit
|
Assume
|
Convey
|
Doubt
|
Identify
|
Maintain
|
Show
|
|
Advise
|
Caution
|
Declare
|
Endorse
|
Illustrate
|
Postulate
|
State
|
|
Advocate
|
Concede
|
Define
|
Establish
|
Imply
|
Propose
|
Stress
|
|
Agree
|
Concentrate
|
Deny
|
Examine
|
Include
|
Presume
|
Suggest
|
|
Argue
|
Condone
|
Describe
|
Explore
|
Indicate
|
Refute
|
Survey
|
|
Examples of reporting verbs
|
The message
|
|
Say, write, document, report, study
|
Giving factual information
|
|
View, believe, think, regard, consider, reflect
|
What the author thought
|
|
Categorise, assess, examine, use, compare, contrast, focus on, explain
Emphasise, invoke, note, point out, reason, posit, hypothesise, remark, detail
|
The procedure/ How the author did it
|
|
Find, observe, obtain, associate, conclude, recommend
|
What the author found
|
|
Challenge, dismiss, dispute, diverge from, object to, oppose,
|
Considers the cited author’s position
|
|
Demonstrate, identify, improve, recognize, substantiate, highlight, confirm, prove
|
Your evaluation of the work
|
|
confuse, disregard, ignore, misuse, neglect, misinterpret, generalize, insist
|
Your negative evaluation of the work
|
Adapted from Chen (2001, p. 81) ‘Ways of knowing, ways of citing: a study of Chinese graduate students’ citation behaviour in thesis writing’
aprendamosfacil 